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10 Trends in Peace Operations

The last two years have seen a surge in peace operations. As the data in this review shows, UN deployments grew by 8.5% in 2013 and 2014 to involve over 100,000 soldiers and police officers. In the same period, NATO drew down its presence in Afghanis Read More...

A rare map of the most complex conflict on earth (

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African Peace Operations

The goal of the Global Peace Operations Review is to provide the most comprehensive overview of multilateral contributions to peacekeeping, conflict prevention, and post-conflict peacebuilding. In doing this, our objective is to take a focus on all p Read More...

Can Attack Helicopters Save U.N. Peacekeeping?

Does U.N. peacekeeping matter? President Barack Obama believes that it does — and he has advocated the cause more forcefully than any of his predecessors since George H. W. Bush, who once looked to the U.N. to help forge a “new world order.” Th Read More...

Can Force Be Useful in the Absence of a Political Strategy? Lessons from the UN missions to the DR Congo

This analysis was initially written for the Center on International Cooperation and the International Peace Institute as part of a series of internal papers for the High Level Independent Panel on Peace Operations. The UN peacekeeping mission in the Read More...

Can Force Be Useful in the Absence of a Political Strategy? Lessons from the UN missions to the DR Congo (

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Can we make UN peacekeeping great again?

If UN peacekeeping operations are “at a crossroads” as the Secretary-General told the Security Council on 6 April, then it is a policy and linguistic roundabout. This is the same phrase that a senior official used to describe the Brahimi report i Read More...

Central Africa

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Central African Republic

Challenges for Human Rights Sections of UN Peace Operations

Recent adaptations of peacekeeping practice are bringing into question the role of civilian components in UN peace operations, notably the human rights sections. When António Guterres succeeds Ban Ki-moon as UN Secretary-General, many problems will Read More...

Democratic Republic of the Congo

Diplomacy in Action: Expanding the UN Security Council’s Role in Crisis and Conflict Prevention

The UN Security Council has the potential to play a greater direct role in crisis response and mediation not only in New York, but in the field. It has done so sporadically in the past. In its early years, the Council experimented with inter-governme Read More...

EUSEC RD Congo

EUSEC RD Congo (European Union Mission to Provide Advice and Assistance for Security Sector Reform in the DRC) Personnel | Fatalities | Vehicles | Budget [datatrends chart="EUSEC Personnel 2014"] [datatrends chart="EUSEC Personnel (Mi Read More...

Featured Data

Welcome to the GPOR Featured Data page. Here you’ll find links to visualizations of headline data and trends in global peace operations and the international system. Topics covered include peace operation missions, contributions of uniformed person Read More...

Featured Data Archive

Fixing UN Peacekeeping Operations: The World’s Most Complicated Army

It has been almost a year since a sweeping assessment of United Nations peacekeeping operations by experts recommended significant changes from top to bottom: a reformed hierarchy in New York and greater coordination and discipline among military con Read More...

GPOR Annual Compilation

This is the second edition of the Global Peace Operations Review (GPOR) annual compilation. It is the first to collect a full year’s worth of content from the website in a single publication. Using an online platform allows us to constantly innovat Read More...

How can the UN move towards more people-centered peace operations?

A slew of recent reviews, such as the high level panel on UN peace operations report (HIPPO report), the 2015 review of the UN peacebuilding architecture and the 2030 agenda for sustainable development, have all put people at the front and center of Read More...

Hurry Up and Wait: EU Battlegroups and a UN Rapid Reaction Force

Throughout its public discourse, the EU keeps expressing a strong commitment toward supporting the UN in maintaining international peace and security. This includes habitually recommitting to deploying the EU Battlegroups. There have been many calls Read More...

Le recours à la force est-il utile en l’absence de stratégie politique ? Enseignements des missions de l’ONU menées en RDC

Cette analyse a d’abord été préparée pour le compte du Center on International Cooperation et du International Peace Institute, dans le cadre d’une série d’articles internes commandés par le Groupe d’études indépendant de haut niveau Read More...

Les opérations de maintien de la paix : le réalisme confronté aux ambitions

Les Casques bleus face à une nouvelle crise de croissance ? Contrairement aux pronostics faits à la fin des années 90, le maintien de la paix n’a cessé de s’accroitre depuis, au point d’atteindre un nouveau pic de déploiement, avec la mi Read More...

MONUSCO

MONUSCO (United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo) Personnel | Fatalities | Vehicles | Budget [datatrends chart="MONUSCO Personnel 2014"] [datatrends chart="MONUSCO Personnel (Military) Read More...

Moral Obligation: UN Missions Should Not Abandon Vulnerable Civilians in Critical Times

United Nations (UN) missions’ inaction in response to civilian killings by government troops in Darfur, South Sudan, and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has precipitated international outcry and raised concerns on viability of UN missions in Read More...

New Tools for Blue Helmets

The United Nations had entered the 21st century”, Under-Secretary-General for Peacekeeping Hervé Ladsous told troops at a 2013 ceremony for the first deployment of observation drones in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. In 2014, Secretary-Gene Read More...

Peacebuilding

The challenge of effectively building and sustaining peace has reemerged on the agenda of the United Nations as a priority issue. An Advisory Group of Experts concluded in their June 2015 Report that peacebuilding has been largely left as an after Read More...

Politics in Place of Peace: The AU’s Role in Burundi

When the decision [around Burundi] reached the level of the Assembly of Heads of States, it showed that in absence of consent there is no political willingness of African leaders to act against their own Burundi has been moving toward greater instab Read More...

Protection of Civilians needs to be understood as a collaborative strategy and not a campsite

In Bentiu and other protection of civilian sites in South Sudan, the UN peacekeeping mission performs all the functions of a state within a state. With the help of humanitarian partners, it feeds, protects, and organizes those displaced by a bitter i Read More...

Protection of Civilians Strategy: A Greater Role for the Council

The protection of civilians mandate in peacekeeping was a reaction to the challenges peacekeepers directly faced in Rwanda and the Balkans and more generally a reaction to the ‘new wars’ of the post-Cold War world. Fifteen years ago, the Brahimi Read More...

Reversing the trend: UN Peacekeeping in 2017

This Wednesday, March 28, 2018, the Security Council is holding an open debate on “Collective Action to Improve UN Peacekeeping Operations,” with the participation of the Secretary-General. In honor of the debate, CIC is publishing three posts th Read More...

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Somalia

Strategic Summary

Changing Realities: New Dimensions of Peace Operations One month before launching the High-Level Independent Panel on Peace Operations to examine the state of UN peacekeeping operations and political missions, UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon remark Read More...

Strategic Summary test

| Alischa Kugel | One month before launching the High-Level Independent Panel on Peace Operations to examine the state of UN peacekeeping operations and political missions, UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon remarked the time had come to take st Read More...

Support Mechanisms: Multilateral, Multi-Level, and Mushrooming

This is the seventh essay in a series of seven that looks at the role of Multilateral Envoys in Peacemaking. The idea that “peace processes must be well-supported politically, technically and financially”, as UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon sta Read More...

The Challenges of Full Deployment on UN Peace Operations

The UN has always had problems deploying its largest, infantry-heavy missions. The 2015 Leaders’ Summit on Peacekeeping and this week’s 2016 UN Peacekeeping Defence Ministerial in London are Member State driven initiatives to do better. Broader p Read More...

The end of a peacekeeping era

An era of UN peacekeeping ended on Good Friday, as the organization’s fifteen-year old mission in Liberia (UNMIL) closed shop. This follows the termination of the UN missions in Côte d’Ivoire (UNOCI) last summer and that in Haiti (MINUSTAH) in Read More...

The Landscape of Armed Groups in the Eastern Congo (

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The Loss of Arms and Ammunition in Peace Operations: Mapping and Addressing the Challenge

In January 2016, al-Shabaab militants attacked an African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) forward operating base in El Adde, Somalia. They held the base for several days before the Kenya Defence Forces managed to reclaim it. Media reporting has und Read More...

The UN Panel on Peace Operations: Getting the Politics Right?

All peace operations are political. Ian Martin wrote an essay with that title in CIC’s first Review of Political Missions in 2010. It is unsurprising, then, that the report of the High-Level Panel on Peace Operations of which he has been a prominen Read More...

Three’s a Crowd? Inter-Organisational Cooperation in Conflict Mediation

This is the second essay in a series of seven that looks at the role of multilateral envoys in peacemaking. Out of the at least 51 multilateral envoys deployed in 2013 to address conflict situations around the world, 28 envoys from different multil Read More...

Triangular Cooperation – Key to All

Triangular cooperation is an idea that has been around for many years. It is supported by many, feared by some, but so far it has never been really implemented. The concept has now been resurrected by the High-level Independent Panel on Peace Operati Read More...

UN Peace Operations and Counter-Terrorism – A Bridge Too Far?

During the United Nations General Assembly, U.S. President Barack Obama chaired two summits – the first on peace operations on September 28, and one the following day on counter-terrorism. His participation in both demonstrated the level of commitm Read More...

When should blue helmets walk away from a conflict?

The renewed crisis in South Sudan is turning into a decisive test for the United Nations. There is a growing international outcry over reports that local forces raped and killed civilians almost in front of UN peacekeepers. The Security Council has s Read More...

Where Envoys Aren’t

This is the fifth essay in a series of seven that looks at the role of multilateral envoys in peacemaking. This series of essays was conceived to document and analyze the work of multilateral envoys, particularly their engagement in efforts to media Read More...

Who are the Killers of Beni?

Since October 2014, the region around the town of Beni in north eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DR Congo) has been the site of some of the worst massacres in the country’s recent history. Over five hundred people have been killed and tens Read More...

Search Results for: congo [ GLOBAL ]

A rare map of the most complex conflict on earth ( )

Can Force Be Useful in the Absence of a Political Strategy? Lessons from the UN missions to the DR Congo ( )

The Landscape of Armed Groups in the Eastern Congo ( )

A rare map of the most complex conflict on earth (

)

Can Force Be Useful in the Absence of a Political Strategy? Lessons from the UN missions to the DR Congo (

)

The Landscape of Armed Groups in the Eastern Congo (

)